All research articles must include a Data Availability Statement describing how readers can access underlying data. Authors should deposit research data in appropriate public repositories and provide accession numbers or DOIs. Where data cannot be publicly shared due to ethical, legal, or proprietary restrictions, authors must explain these limitations and describe conditions under which data may be requested.

Clinical Trial Data

Authors of clinical trials are encouraged to share de-identified individual participant data upon reasonable request. Trial protocols and statistical analysis plans should be made available. We support data sharing initiatives that advance evidence-based medicine in spine and neuroscience while protecting patient privacy.

Imaging Data

Medical imaging data including MRI, CT, and radiographic studies should be appropriately de-identified before sharing. Large imaging datasets should be deposited in specialized repositories designed for medical imaging data with appropriate access controls.

JSNs open-access model ensures authors retain significant rights for self-archiving. Authors may deposit the published version in institutional repositories and personal websites immediately upon publication with no embargo period. All self-archived versions must include proper attribution and link to the original publication.

We encourage authors to share their published work broadly while maintaining appropriate citation practices. Self-archiving helps extend the reach of spine and neuroscience research to clinicians and researchers who may access content through institutional repositories.

JSN supports formal data citation as distinct scholarly contributions. Authors should cite deposited datasets in the reference list using repository-provided citation formats. Proper data citation acknowledges data creators and enables usage tracking that benefits researchers documenting data sharing impact in spine and neuroscience.

Authors of clinical trials should share de-identified individual participant data upon reasonable request. Trial protocols and statistical analysis plans should be available as supplementary materials. We support data sharing initiatives advancing evidence-based medicine in spine and neuroscience while protecting patient privacy through appropriate de-identification and access controls.

Secondary analysis of shared clinical data enables verification of published findings, exploration of subgroup effects, meta-analysis, and development of new research questions building on primary study investments.

Medical imaging data including MRI, CT, and radiographic studies should be appropriately de-identified before sharing according to HIPAA Safe Harbor or Expert Determination methods. Large imaging datasets may be deposited in specialized repositories such as XNAT, LORIS, or OpenNeuro with appropriate access controls protecting patient privacy while enabling secondary research use.

Custom analysis code, statistical scripts, and computational pipelines should be available through public repositories such as GitHub with Zenodo DOI assignment for permanence. Documentation enabling reproduction of analyses strengthens research reproducibility in spine and neuroscience.