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Jul 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.2643-0282.imsj-25-5590
R. Hodgson BruceCorresponding author
The main diet of baleen whales is krill in the Arctic, Antarctic and during migrations in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Hence, the aim of this paper is to quantify the global importance of the krill to baleen whale component of the pelagic food web and possible feedback loops. That was undertaken by comparing the results of Ecopath Models in the Antarctic and Arctic Oceans and to migration areas in the North Atlantic and Alaska, was well as the large Seamount area from the Antarctic and Arctic. Biological production transfer is the essential component of the prey to predator pelagic food web, which maintains the production of predators. The importance of sustaining global baleen whale migrations is to support ecosystem production by whale defecation contribution to nutrient recycling. It is important to sustain krill and fish abundance in whale migration feeding areas using ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM) fishing rates. It was shown by the literature that migrations tended to followed deep-sea seamounts, and baleen whale defecation and nutrient cycling at seamounts led to the effects of nutrient upwelling by deep sea currents at seamounts. Hence, it is suggested seamounts be protected as important marine ecosystems. Therefore, those processes indicate sustaining krill and whale abundance is likely to support global marine ecosystem stability in open ocean migration areas.
Aug 2023 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-23-4682
Lee MyunggyuCorresponding author
Objectives The solid-liquid separation (SLS) process generally separates solid and liquid fractions in wastewater and livestock manure. The solid-liquid separation process is an essential pretreatment step for the recycling and purification of pig manure. This study has assessed the separation and/or reduction efficiency by various SLS processes used in pig farms. Methods Seven types of SLS processes (centrifuge, centrifuge (+coagulation agent), belt press (+ coagulation agent), drum screen, inclined screen, vibration screen, and screw press) were used on 11 pig farms and conducted a comparative analysis. As for the sample in this study, the pig raw manure before treatment, the separated liquid and solid manure after treatment of the SLS process collected, respectively. These samples were provided for pH, EC(electrical conductivity) moisture content, CODMn, BOD5, TN, TP, K, TS, SS, NaCl, and heavy metals analysis. Results and Discussion The belt press (+coagulation agent) process had the highest TS and SS reduction rate of 78.8% and 96.9%, respectively. The highest removal efficiency of TN and TP was41.0% and 94.2% by belt press (+coagulation agent) and centrifuge (+coagulation agent),respectively. The belt press (+coagulation agent) removed 59.4% and 66.0% of BOD5 and CODMn,respectively. The Zn and Cu were removed 100% and 98.6% by centrifuge (+coagulation agent).However, the drum screen, inclined screen, vibration screen, screw press, and centrifuge showed lower removal efficiency of nutrient contents, solids, Zn, and Cu than centrifugal and belt press processes with chemical coagulation. Conclusions The centrifugal and belt press separation processes that used chemical coagulation showed much more removal efficiency of nutrient contents, solids, and metals like Zn and Cu. Although SLS with chemical coagulants is an effective pre-treatment process for liquid manure treatment and helps removal effect for suspended solids, nutrients, and heavy metals, further studies are needed on how it affects biological or chemical processing processes that are linked.
Apr 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-7669.ject-19-2753
C.N Angaye TariwariCorresponding author
Department of Biological Sciences, Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
The problem associated inappropriate management of municipal waste to the ecosystem cannot be overemphasized. This study involved the physical characterization of municipal solid waste streams in 4 commercial dumpsites in Yenagoa Metropolis, using the quartile estimate method. Results showed that out of a total mass of 79.82kg; the individual mass composition was reported for garbage (food) waste 33.32 (39%), paper waste 14.90 kg (40.82%), plastic waste 5.12 kg (6%), nylon 11.01kg (13%), metal 4.31 kg (5%), wood 2.29 kg (3%), electronic 5.69 kg (7%), glass/ceramic 3.48 kg (4%) and unclassified waste whose mass was 4.62kg (5%). Disposal of untreated and unsegregated/uncharacterized waste adverse effect to the environment. It is hereby recommended that the populace to desist from illicit disposal of waste stream. In addition all stakeholders and Government in particular should formulate policies the reduction, reuse and recycling of waste stream.
Jun 2014 DOI 10.14302/issn.2328-0182.japst-13-288
Pradhan N.Corresponding author
Sr. Professor and Head, Department of Psychopharmacology, NIMHANS, Bangalore, INDIA, 560001
ALS is the neurodegenerative disease which is caused due to breakdown in interaction between UBL and rpn1. In this study, we explore the interaction of UBL and rpn1 which is involved in protein degradation. Protein recycling system plays a crucial role in degradation of deformed or damaged proteins. Task of degradation of damaged ubiquitinated proteins is completed by proteasome with the help of ubiquilin2 protein which links 19s proteasome and poly-Ub chain attached to damaged protein. More specifically, N-terminal UBL domain interacts with rpn1 subunit of base complex of 19s proteasome and C-terminal UBA domain interacts with tetra poly-Ub chain attached to damaged protein. In present study, UBL domains are docked against homology modeled rpn1 with the help of Patch dock server. Further the docked structures are refined using fire dock server and best docked structure is chosen having global energy -16.71. Best docked structures are analyzed using swiss-pdb viewer software to show hydrogen bonds between interacting proteins. Here we explore a mutation E6A and P11A in UBL structure with the help of YASARA which is significantly increasing the interaction between interacting proteins in terms of hydrogen bonds.