Overview
Migraine with aura is a type of migraine headache characterized by a specific set of symptoms that occur prior to the onset of the migraine headache. These symptoms include visual disturbances such as seeing bright spots, zig-zag lines, or flashing lights, sensory disturbances such as numbness or tingling in the hands, arms, face, tongue, or feet, and sometimes even changes in speech. Migraine with aura affects approximately 15 % of people with migraine headaches and can be disabling. The underlying cause of migraine with aura is not well understood, though it is thought to involve changes in the central nervous system. Despite the lack of a clear etiology, treatments such as preventive medications, lifestyle modifications, and acute relief medications are available to help manage the symptoms of migraine with aura. Recognizing and managing migraine with aura is critical for reducing its associated disability and improving quality of life.