Overview
Migraines are a primary type of headache characterized by severe, pulsing pain in the head and can last anywhere from several hours to several days. These intense headaches are typically accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and increased sensitivity to both sound and light. While the exact cause of migraines is not known, research suggests that they are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Possible triggers include stress, certain foods, and variations in hormone levels. Treatment of migraine is focused on relieving symptoms and preventing future episodes. Many medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, triptans, and antiemetic drugs, are available to help manage pain and nausea. Additionally, lifestyle modifications such as avoiding trigger factors, getting adequate sleep, and eating a balanced diet can help reduce the occurrence and severity of migraine attacks.