Detoxification, in toxicology and biochemistry, refers to the set of enzymatic and physiological processes by which an organism transforms, neutralizes, and eliminates xenobiotics, endogenous metabolites, and reactive species. The canonical biotransformation pathway proceeds through Phase I reactions (oxidation, red…
Detoxification, in toxicology and biochemistry, refers to the set of enzymatic and physiological processes by which an organism transforms, neutralizes, and eliminates xenobiotics, endogenous metabolites, and reactive species. The canonical biotransformation pathway proceeds through Phase I reactions (oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis, largely mediated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases), Phase II conjugation (glucuronidation, sulfation, glutathione and amino-acid conjugation that increase water solubility), and Phase III transporter-mediated excretion via bile and urine. The liver is the principal detoxifying organ, with the kidneys, intestine, and antioxidant defenses contributing substantially. Mechanistically, detoxification intersects with oxidative stress, since many toxicants generate reactive oxygen species that deplete glutathione and damage membranes, lipids, and the Ca2+-ATPase machinery. Research in this area examines hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity from pesticides, mycotoxins, heavy metals, and nanoparticles, the protective role of phytochemicals and antioxidant vitamins, and microbial or plant-based bioremediation that degrades or sequesters environmental contaminants. Studies of aflatoxin detoxification, organophosphate and carbamate biodegradation, and quercetin- or vitamin E-mediated cytoprotection illustrate both endogenous defense and applied remediation strategies. The journal publishes peer-reviewed Experimental and Clinical Toxicology research addressing these mechanisms, exposure outcomes, and protective interventions across animal models and environmental systems.
12 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
The 12 articles above have been cited 112 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Detoxification, linking to each citing work.