Biomarkers are objectively measurable indicators of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or responses to an intervention. They encompass molecular species such as proteins, enzymes, hormones, metabolites, nucleic acids, and epigenetic marks, as well as cellular, imaging, and physiological measurements,…
Biomarkers are objectively measurable indicators of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or responses to an intervention. They encompass molecular species such as proteins, enzymes, hormones, metabolites, nucleic acids, and epigenetic marks, as well as cellular, imaging, and physiological measurements, detectable in tissue or in accessible fluids including blood, plasma, urine, and saliva. Functionally they are classified as diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, pharmacodynamic, monitoring, and susceptibility or risk biomarkers, each serving a distinct decision in clinical care or research. Rigorous biomarker development demands analytical validation, demonstration of clinical validity and utility, and attention to specificity, reproducibility, and confounding before translation. In oncology and genetics, biomarkers enable earlier detection, molecular subclassification, treatment selection, and surveillance of disease burden and resistance. Emerging classes such as circulating and epigenetic markers and microRNAs are expanding minimally invasive testing. Peer-reviewed research published in this area examines epigenetic biomarkers and long non-coding RNAs in head and neck cancer, plasma microRNA expression and PD-L1 status in melanoma, molecular and newborn microRNA biomarkers, high-throughput platforms for cancer biomarker development, immunoglobulin-based markers of female infertility, and biomarker readouts in cell-line and animal models, reflecting the discipline's focus on Cancer Genetics And Biomarkers.
12 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
The 12 articles above have been cited 15 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Biomarkers, linking to each citing work.