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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">IJBM</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>International Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0000-0000</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0000-0000</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Open Access Pub</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>United States</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">IJBM-18-2020</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Insufficiency of Vitamin D in adolescents of the South of Brazil </article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>William</surname>
            <given-names>Cordeiro de Souza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1808595188">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1808594324">*</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>André</surname>
            <given-names>de Camargo Smolarek</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1808594972">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Luis</surname>
            <given-names>Paulo Gomes Mascarenhas</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1808594972">2</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="idm1808595188">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line>University of Contestado, UnC, Porto União, SC, Brazil </addr-line>
      </aff>
      <aff id="idm1808594972">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line>State University of the Midwest, Irati, Brazil. </addr-line>
      </aff>
      <aff id="idm1808594324">
        <label>*</label>
        <addr-line>corresponding author</addr-line>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp>Correspondence: William Cordeiro de Souza, University of Contestado (UnC), Porto União, SC, Brazil. Email: <email>professor_williamsouza@yahoo.com.br</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict" id="idm1816263932">
          <p>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2018-03-15">
        <day>15</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2018</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>1</fpage>
      <lpage>1</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="online">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© </copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder>William Cordeiro de Souza et al.</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="http://openaccesspub.org/ijbm/article/720">This article is available from http://openaccesspub.org/ijbm/article/720</self-uri>

      <abstract>
        <p>This article examines vitamin D insufficiency among adolescents in southern Brazil. It summarizes prevalence, potential determinants such as sun exposure and diet, and implications for bone health, calling for targeted prevention and screening strategies.</p>
      </abstract>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <page-count count="1"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="idm1808458100" sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <fig id="idm1808552060">
        <graphic xlink:href="images/image1.jpg" mime-subtype="jpg"/>
      </fig>
      <p>Vitamin D is primarily attributed the role of important regulator of osteomineral physiology, especially calcium metabolism. This vitamin can be obtained through the exogenous form in the diet or the endogenous synthesis from the cholesterol that is synthesized from the incidence of ultraviolet rays of the sun on the skin. In a study<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1808301500">1</xref> conducted by Brazilian researchers with 234 female adolescents from the South of Brazil, aged 7 to 18 years, they reveal that the habits of modern life, far from the sun, contribute significantly to vitamin D insufficiency. researchers have shown that more than 80% of the girls evaluated have vitamin D levels below the recommended, that is to say, four out of five girls lack vitamin. The data found in southern Brazil serves as an appeal to parents, since the lack of vitamin D in children and adolescents can lead to early bone deficiency, diabetes, and some cases of cancer and obesity.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="ridm1808301500">
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  </back>
</article>
