<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8"?>
 <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" "http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.0/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd"> <article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="letter" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JCSR</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Current Scientific Research</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2766-8681</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Open Access Pub</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>United States</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JCSR-24-5075</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14302/issn.2766-8681.jcsr-24-5075</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>letter</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>What Can a Stylometric Analysis Contribute to the Diary of Saint Faustina Kowalska?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Raúl</surname>
            <given-names>Isea</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1842412164">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1842411804">*</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="idm1842412164">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line>Fundación IDEA. Hoyo de la Puerta, Baruta, Venezuela</addr-line>
      </aff>
      <aff id="idm1842411804">
        <label>*</label>
        <addr-line>Corresponding Author </addr-line>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp>
    
    Raúl Isea, <addr-line>Fundación IDEA. Hoyo de la Puerta, </addr-line><addr-line>Baruta</addr-line><addr-line>, Venezuela</addr-line>, <email>raul.isea@gmail.com</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict" id="idm1842789244">
          <p>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-11">
        <day>11</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>15</fpage>
      <lpage>22</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>03</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="online">
          <day>11</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© </copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder>Raúl Isea</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="http://openaccesspub.org/jcsr/article/2116">This article is available from http://openaccesspub.org/jcsr/article/2116</self-uri>
      <abstract>
        <p>Saint Maria Faustina Kowalska's Diary records the words of Christ revealed to her between 1934 and 1938.  The frequency of the words used by God and Sor Faustina could be statistically determined by stylometric analysis since each has its own linguistic footprint.  To do this, we analyze various parts of the Diary in three different editions (Polish, Spanish, and English). The results show a                      linguistic style characteristic of Sister Faustina and another to God. So this paper confirms that there was a conversation between the two.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Dialog</kwd>
        <kwd>Diary</kwd>
        <kwd>Linguistic footprint</kwd>
        <kwd>St. Faustina</kwd>
        <kwd>Stylometry</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="5"/>
        <table-count count="1"/>
        <page-count count="8"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="idm1842274780" sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>Maria Faustina Kowalska (1905–1938) was the third daughter of 10 brothers in the family of Mariana Babel and Stanisław Kowalski, born in Głogowiec, Poland. Her spiritual vocation was expressed from the time she was seven years old (Diary, 1404) until she arrived at the final convent of the Sisters of the Mother of God of Mercy on August 1, 1925 (Diary, 1404)</p>
      <p>In this convent, she wrote her diary at the express command of Jesus Christ and in obedience to her confessors, Blessed Michał Sopoćko (1888–1975) and Jesuit Józef Andrasz SJ (1891–1963), from 1934 until three months before she death in 1938. At that time, she was the secretary of the Good Lord (Diary, 1695), and although her education was not high, this did not prevent her from rewriting the Gospel of Mercy in the 20th century, as Saint John Paul II expressed <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841286876">12</xref>.</p>
      <p>Sister Faustina is not a theologian, but she explained to us that her mission is to bring and announce mercy to the whole world, above all to sinners, and to                    promote devotion to Divine Mercy. Mercy God. Knowledge of His mercy is gained through faith and reason, but above all through mystical experience. She was canonized by Saint John Paul II in the Holy Year 2000 in </p>
      <p>his homily on April 30 of the same year. Saint John Paul II said, "Christ entrusted to him the message of mercy; he transmitted it to everyone so that they might learn to know better the true face of God." <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841277804">13</xref>.</p>
      <sec id="idm1842276004">
        <title>Diary</title>
        <p>The Diary is a faithful record of the words of the merciful God, with which he awarded Sister Faustina the title of Secretary of Mercy. (Diary, 1605). It is                       characterized by the absence of corrections, amendments, blank pages, and                grammatical errors. It consists of 477 pages divided into six notebooks, written on both sides and without page numbers. In it are reflected all his thoughts, and she emphasizes the words that the Lord dictated to her.</p>
        <p>St. Faustina ordered the publication of her Diary after her death to "console souls" (Diary, 1390). These notebooks remain in the possession of the congregation. It was originally transcribed by Sister Javiera Olszamowską, but it was not a literal transcription, which led to errors. Later, Father Isidor Borkiewicz, together with Sister Beata Piekut, rewrote it from the original and published it in 1981, serving as the basis for all translations.</p>
        <sec id="idm1842275356">
          <title>Stylometry </title>
          <p>Stylometry is summarized as a statistical method based on the analysis of each author's word frequency <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841264844">17</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841318604">6</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841274636">14</xref>. The term was coined by the Polish writer Wincenty <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841291916">10</xref> when he dated Plato's Dialogues (Lutosławski, 1898) and was originally based on the chi-square method for analyzing relationships  between word length and the frequency of their appearance <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841288748">11</xref>.</p>
          <p>More recently, it has been used to determine the authorship of certain unknown or questionable works, such as a comedy originally attributed to Miguel Bermúdez in the National Library of the West. Spain, but this method can detect that it belongs to Lope de Vega. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841470156">3</xref>.</p>
          <p>Another example is Ulysses, which was published in 1922 by Irishman James Joyce, but stylistic              studies concluded that it was written by five other people not mentioned in the work. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841272764">15</xref>.</p>
          <p>Based on the above, the work analyzes some sentences attributed to the person of Jesus Christ and  others to the mystic of Krakow to show that they do not reproduce the same linguistic footprint, and therefore, there was a dialogue between the two persons, which removes the doubt that the passages said by Jesus were the product of the imagination of the Saint.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="idm1842273124" sec-type="methods">
      <title>Methodology</title>
      <p>A stylometric study of the Diary written by Santa Maria Faustina Kowalska is carried out in three                different versions, corresponding to the Spanish, English, and Polish editions. The fourth edition in Spanish of the Marian Fathers of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary was used in 2001. The English version is from the 2005 edition of Marian Press Stockbridge (a translation of the 1981 Polish version). The Polish version is published by Zgromadzenie Sióstr Matki Bożej Miłosierdzia (card. Franciszek Macharski metropolitan Krakowski).</p>
      <p>This method is described by both <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841534084">4</xref> and <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841321772">7</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841301820">8</xref> and is roughly summarized below. For each language of the Diary, a corpus was built from the sayings of Sister Faustine and the Lord (presented in <xref ref-type="table" rid="idm1841895956">Table 1</xref>). On that basis, determine the frequency of occurrence of words, then determine the delta function, which is a linguistic measure capable of distinguishing the authorship of text according to the definition proposed by <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841458988">2</xref>.</p>
      <table-wrap id="idm1841895956">
        <label>Table 1.</label>
        <caption>
          <title> Nomenclature of the passages of the Diary of Sister Faustina used for stylometric analysis in the Spanish, English, and Polish versions of the journal</title>
        </caption>
        <table rules="all" frame="box">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <th colspan="2">
                <bold>Spanish version</bold>
              </th>
              <td colspan="2">
                <bold>English version</bold>
              </td>
              <td colspan="2">
                <bold>Polish version</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Nomenclature</td>
              <td>Paragraph</td>
              <td>Nomenclature</td>
              <td>Paragraph</td>
              <td>Nomenclature</td>
              <td>Paragraph</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>JSF1</td>
              <td>1777</td>
              <td>J1</td>
              <td>154</td>
              <td>J1</td>
              <td>229</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>JSF2</td>
              <td>300</td>
              <td>J2</td>
              <td>156</td>
              <td>J2</td>
              <td>229</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>JSF3</td>
              <td>1327</td>
              <td>J3</td>
              <td>165</td>
              <td>J3</td>
              <td>229</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>JSF4</td>
              <td>1320</td>
              <td>J4</td>
              <td>169</td>
              <td>J4</td>
              <td>232</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>JSF5</td>
              <td>299</td>
              <td>J5</td>
              <td>177</td>
              <td>J5</td>
              <td>282</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>JSF6</td>
              <td>1032</td>
              <td>J6</td>
              <td>178</td>
              <td>J6</td>
              <td>639</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>JSF7</td>
              <td>687</td>
              <td>J7</td>
              <td>186</td>
              <td>J7</td>
              <td>687</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>JSF8</td>
              <td>367</td>
              <td>J8</td>
              <td>219</td>
              <td>J8</td>
              <td>699</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF1</td>
              <td>450</td>
              <td>J9</td>
              <td>229</td>
              <td>J9</td>
              <td>739</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF2</td>
              <td>529</td>
              <td>SF1</td>
              <td>154</td>
              <td>J10</td>
              <td>714</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF3</td>
              <td>843</td>
              <td>SF2</td>
              <td>156</td>
              <td>SF1</td>
              <td>229</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF4</td>
              <td>462</td>
              <td>SF3</td>
              <td>165</td>
              <td>SF2</td>
              <td>230</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF5</td>
              <td>118</td>
              <td>SF4</td>
              <td>170</td>
              <td>SF3</td>
              <td>231</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF6</td>
              <td>119</td>
              <td>SF5</td>
              <td>177</td>
              <td>SF4</td>
              <td>233</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF7</td>
              <td>303</td>
              <td>SF6</td>
              <td>178</td>
              <td>SF5</td>
              <td>236</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF8</td>
              <td>136</td>
              <td>SF7</td>
              <td>188</td>
              <td>SF6</td>
              <td>254</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF9</td>
              <td>477</td>
              <td>SF8</td>
              <td>207</td>
              <td>SF7</td>
              <td>655</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF10</td>
              <td>208</td>
              <td>SF9</td>
              <td>220</td>
              <td>SF8</td>
              <td>677</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF11</td>
              <td>364</td>
              <td>SF10</td>
              <td>230</td>
              <td>SF9</td>
              <td>707</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF12</td>
              <td>78</td>
              <td>SF11</td>
              <td>233</td>
              <td>SF10</td>
              <td>713</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF13</td>
              <td>78</td>
              <td> </td>
              <td> </td>
              <td>SF11</td>
              <td>720</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>SF14</td>
              <td>225</td>
              <td> </td>
              <td> </td>
              <td>SF12</td>
              <td>724</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td> </td>
              <td> </td>
              <td> </td>
              <td> </td>
              <td>SF13</td>
              <td>731</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td> </td>
              <td> </td>
              <td> </td>
              <td> </td>
              <td>SF14</td>
              <td>741</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>Some articles have questioned the use of the delta function, but Burrows has shown that it is an                       excellent technique for determining the authorship of a work <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841270604">16</xref>. This function simply determines the frequency variation of the most frequently occurring words in the text using z-scores <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841270604">16</xref>. Remember that the z-score is a measure of the relative frequency difference minus the value from the mean divided by the standard deviation <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841250468">19</xref>.</p>
      <p>In the next step, a distance-based matrix derived from the frequency of occurrence of the words was calculated. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841278956">18</xref>. Distance calculations are generally of the Manhattan, Euclidean, and other types <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841278956">18</xref>. The results can be displayed using a dendrogram, a type of tree in which similar distances are grouped into a single conglomerate or cluster. In the context of this article, the latter means that sentences                 written by the same person should be grouped into the same branch or node <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1841321052">5</xref>. All calculations were performed using the Python programming language.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="idm1842167308" sec-type="results">
      <title>Results</title>
      <p>Based on the above, the work analyzes some sentences attributed to the person of Jesus Christ and                others to the mystic of Krakow to show that they do not reproduce the same footprint. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="idm1841702556">Figure 1</xref> shows the result of the normalization of the frequency of words obtained from the Spanish-translated Diary, where it can be observed that Sister Faustina more often uses the words “<italic>de Dios</italic>”, “<italic>lo que</italic>”, “<italic>a Dios</italic>”, “<italic>a la</italic>”, rather than the phrases used by God. Instead, the words used by God, which differ from those used by St. Faustina, are “<italic>de mi</italic>”, “<italic>en</italic><italic> mi</italic>”, “<italic>de </italic><italic>este</italic>”, “<italic>la misericordia</italic>”, “<italic>mi </italic><italic>corazón</italic>”, “<italic>mi                             misericordia</italic>” among others. (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="idm1841702556">Figure 1</xref>). From this, you can appreciate the difference in the use of               language between the two people.</p>
      <fig id="idm1841702556">
        <label>Figure 1.</label>
        <caption>
          <title> Normalized frequency of words obtained from the Diary translated into Spanish (bigram equal to 2) grouped in the texts of Sor Faustina (red color) and God (blue color).</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="images/image1.jpg" mime-subtype="jpg"/>
      </fig>
      <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="idm1841693052">Figure 2</xref> shows the results of normalizing the different frequencies of words obtained in the English translation of the journal, in which Sister Faustine often uses the following words: “<italic>of god</italic>”, “<italic>I will</italic>”, “<italic>is the</italic>”, “<italic>that is</italic>”, “<italic>to me</italic>”, “<italic>it is</italic>”,  “<italic>me like</italic>”, “<italic>my soul</italic>”, “<italic>to god</italic>”, among others. On the other hand, the expressions used by God are“<italic>my</italic><italic> heart</italic>”, “<italic>i</italic><italic> desire</italic>”, “<italic>of mercy</italic>”, “<italic>in my</italic>”, “<italic>my daughter</italic>”, “<italic>my mercy</italic>”, “<italic>all that</italic>” and other words. (no research on this studio since it discovered the idiom).</p>
      <fig id="idm1841693052">
        <label>Figure 2.</label>
        <caption>
          <title> Normalized frequency of words found in the journal's English texts (bigram equals 2) grouped in the Sister Faustine (red color) and God texts (blue)</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="images/image2.jpg" mime-subtype="jpg"/>
      </fig>
      <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="idm1841691828">Figure 3</xref> shows a rectangular dendogram obtained from the Spanish version of the Diary of Sister Faustina. The first thing that draws attention is that there are two well-defined groups (conglomerates), the first consisting of all the sentences spoken by Jesus (they begin with the letters JSF), while the                second corresponds to the words of Sister Faustina (inician con las letras SF). Thus, two different              linguistic prints corresponding to a dialogue between two people are observed.</p>
      <fig id="idm1841691828">
        <label>Figure 3.</label>
        <caption>
          <title> Rectangular dendrogram obtained from stylometric analysis obtained from the Spanish translation of Sister Faustine's Diary, visualized using iTOL 9.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="images/image3.jpg" mime-subtype="jpg"/>
      </fig>
      <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="idm1841690100">Figure 4</xref> shows a dendrogram obtained from the English translation of the Diary of Sister Faustina, where two large conglomerates are observed, which in turn are divided into two different subgroups. The first of them consists of two other subgroups: the sentences of Jesus (J2, J1, J8, J5, J4, J7) and those spoken by Sister Faustina (SF8 and SF9). The second large conglomerate is in turn divided into two subgroups. The first of them corresponds to a division of the sentences spoken by Sister Faustina (SF11, SF12) and another branch, which in turn is the division between SF7 and two sentences of Jesus (J3, J6), while the rest is formed by the phrases of Sister Faustina <xref ref-type="fig" rid="idm1841688876">Figure 5</xref>.</p>
      <fig id="idm1841690100">
        <label>Figure 4.</label>
        <caption>
          <title> Rectangular dendrogram obtained from stylometric analysis obtained from the English translation of Sister Faustine's Diary, visualized using iTOL 9.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="images/image4.jpg" mime-subtype="jpg"/>
      </fig>
      <fig id="idm1841688876">
        <label>Figure 5.</label>
        <caption>
          <title> Rectangular dendrogram obtained from stylometric analysis obtained from the Polish translation of Sister Faustine's Diary, visualized using iTOL 9.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="images/image5.jpg" mime-subtype="jpg"/>
      </fig>
    </sec>
    <sec id="idm1842137916" sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusion</title>
      <p>The goal of the work was to find the linguistic footprints present in the conversation between Sister Faustina and Christ using a stylometric methodology. There are differences in the frequency of the  appearance of words between the two.</p>
      <p>According to the dendrogram derived from the Spanish, English, and Polish versions, the linguistic styles did not merge into a single branch, a clear sign that there was dialogue between the two people. On this basis, we conclude that the Diary is not a product of St. Faustina's imagination, but it recreates the enduring dialogue between her and God.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="ridm1841461940">
        <label>1.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Bensalem</surname>
            <given-names>I</given-names>
          </name>
          <name>
            <surname>Rosso</surname>
            <given-names>P y Chikhi</given-names>
          </name>
          <name>
            <surname>S</surname>
            <given-names/>
          </name>
          <article-title>On the use of character n-grams as the only intrinsic evidence of plagiarism,Language Resources and Evaluation</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2019</year>
          </date>
          <volume>53</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>363</fpage>
          <lpage>396</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841458988">
        <label>2.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>J</surname>
            <given-names>F Burrows</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>Delta: A Measure of Stylistic Difference and a Guide to Likely Authorship.LiteraryandLinguisticComputing</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2002</year>
          </date>
          <volume>17</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>267</fpage>
          <lpage>287</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841470156">
        <label>3.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Bvmc</surname>
            <given-names/>
          </name>
          <article-title>Descubierta una comedia inédita de Lope de Vega&amp;quot; Available at https://blog.cervantesvirtual.com/descubierta-una-comedia-inedita-de-lope-de-vega/</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2014</year>
          </date>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841534084">
        <label>4.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="book">
          <name>
            <surname>Daelemans</surname>
            <given-names>W</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>Explanation in Computational Stylometry. In:</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2013</year>
          </date>
          <chapter-title>Gelbukh, A. (eds) Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing. CICLing 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science</chapter-title>
          <volume>7817</volume>
          <fpage>10</fpage>
          <lpage>1007</lpage>
          <publisher-name>Springer</publisher-name>
          <publisher-loc>Berlin, Heidelberg</publisher-loc>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841321052">
        <label>5.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="book">
          <name>
            <surname>Eder</surname>
            <given-names>M</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>Visualization in stylometry: Cluster analysis using networks,Digital</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2017</year>
          </date>
          <chapter-title>Scholarship in the Humanities</chapter-title>
          <volume>32</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>50</fpage>
          <lpage>64</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841318604">
        <label>6.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Fuller</surname>
            <given-names>S y O&amp;apos;Sullivan</given-names>
          </name>
          <name>
            <surname>J</surname>
            <given-names/>
          </name>
          <article-title>Structure over Style: Collaborative Authorship and the Revival of Literary Capitalism.Digital Humanities Quarterly</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2017</year>
          </date>
          <volume>11</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>10</fpage>
          <lpage>17613</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841321772">
        <label>7.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Isea</surname>
            <given-names>R</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>A stylometric analysis of two sentimental letters by Albert Einstein and Simón</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2023</year>
          </date>
          <source>Bolívar.Journal of Language Research</source>
          <volume>1</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>15</fpage>
          <lpage>20</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841301820">
        <label>8.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Isea</surname>
            <given-names>R</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>Stylometric analysis of Lafond’s letter that never wrote Simón Bolívar to San</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2023</year>
          </date>
          <source>Martín.Journal of Current Scientific Research</source>
          <volume>2</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>24</fpage>
          <lpage>30</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841298508">
        <label>9.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Letunic</surname>
            <given-names>I y Bork</given-names>
          </name>
          <name>
            <surname>P</surname>
            <given-names/>
          </name>
          <article-title>Interactive Tree Of Life (iTOL) v5: an online tool for phylogenetic tree display and annotation.Nucleic Acids Research</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2021</year>
          </date>
          <volume>49</volume>
          <fpage>293</fpage>
          <lpage>296</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841291916">
        <label>10.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Lutoslawski</surname>
            <given-names>W</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>Principes de stylométrie appliqués à la chronologie des œuvres de Platon.RevuedesÉtudesGrecques</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>1898</year>
          </date>
          <volume>11</volume>
          <issue>41</issue>
          <fpage>61</fpage>
          <lpage>81</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841288748">
        <label>11.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Mendenhall</surname>
            <given-names>T</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>The characteristic curves of composition.Science</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>1887</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>214</fpage>
          <lpage>237</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841286876">
        <label>12.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Pablo</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><article-title>s.f.. Carta Encíclica Dives</article-title><date><year>1998</year></date>
in Misericordia.EditorialEditriceVaticana. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/es/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_30111980_dives-in-misericordia.html



</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841277804">
        <label>13.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Pablo</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><article-title>(s.f.). Homilía del Santa Padre Juan Pablo II</article-title><date><year>2000</year></date>
https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/es/homilies/2000/documents/hf_jp-ii_hom_20000430_faustina.html (recuperado 30 de Agosto)



</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841274636">
        <label>14.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="book">
          <name>
            <surname>G</surname>
            <given-names>B Schaalje</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>others. Extended nearest shrunken centroid classification: A new method for open-set authorship attribution of texts of varying sizes,Literary and</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2011</year>
          </date>
          <chapter-title>Linguistic Computing, Volume 26, Issue 1</chapter-title>
          <fpage>71</fpage>
          <lpage>88</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841272764">
        <label>15.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="book">
          <name>
            <surname>Schoenbaum</surname>
            <given-names>S</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>Internal evidence and Elizabethan dramatic authorship; an essay in literary history and method</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2018</year>
          </date>
          <chapter-title>Octubre 2018) ISBN</chapter-title>
          <fpage>196</fpage>
          <publisher-name>Northwestern University Press</publisher-name>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841270604">
        <label>16.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="book">
          <name>
            <surname>Škorić</surname>
            <given-names>M</given-names>
          </name>
          <name>
            <surname>Stanković</surname>
            <given-names>R</given-names>
          </name>
          <name>
            <surname>N</surname>
            <given-names>M Ikonić</given-names>
          </name>
          <name>
            <surname>Byszuk</surname>
            <given-names>J</given-names>
          </name>
          <name>
            <surname>Eder</surname>
            <given-names>M</given-names>
          </name>
          <date>
            <year>2022</year>
          </date>
          <chapter-title>Parallel Stylometric Document Embeddings with Deep Learning Based Language Models in Literary Authorship Attribution.Mathematics</chapter-title>
          <volume>10</volume>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <fpage>838</fpage>
          <lpage>10</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841264844">
        <label>17.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Stamatatos</surname>
            <given-names>E</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>A survey of modern authorship attribution methods.JASIST</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2009</year>
          </date>
          <volume>60</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>538</fpage>
          <lpage>556</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841278956">
        <label>18.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="journal">
          <name>
            <surname>Stanikunas</surname>
            <given-names>D</given-names>
          </name>
          <name>
            <surname>Mandravickaite</surname>
            <given-names>J</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>y Krilavicius. Comparison of distance and similarity measures for stylometric analysis of Lithuanian texts. CEUR Workshop proceedings [electronic resource]: ICYRIME 2017: proceedings of the symposium for young researchers in informatics, mathematics and engineering</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2017</year>
          </date>
          <volume>Vol</volume>
          <fpage>1852</fpage>
          <publisher-loc>Kaunas, Lithuania</publisher-loc>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ridm1841250468">
        <label>19.</label>
        <mixed-citation xlink:type="simple" publication-type="book">
          <name>
            <surname>Stefan</surname>
            <given-names>E</given-names>
          </name>
          <article-title>Understanding and explaining Delta measures for authorship attribution,Digital Scholarship</article-title>
          <date>
            <year>2017</year>
          </date>
          <chapter-title>in the Humanities, 32(suppl_2)</chapter-title>
          <fpage>4</fpage>
          <lpage>16</lpage>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
