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 <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" "http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.0/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd"> <article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JBBS</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedical Science</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2576-6694</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Open Access Pub</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>United States</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JBBS-21-3773</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14302/issn.2576-6694.jbbs-21-3773</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>research-article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Evaluation of the Isotopic Abundance Ratio of Consciousness Energy Healing Treated L-Tryptophan Using LC-MS Spectrometry</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dahryn</surname>
            <given-names>Trivedi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1849638548">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mahendra</surname>
            <given-names>Kumar Trivedi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1849638548">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alice</surname>
            <given-names>Branton</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1849638548">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Snehasis</surname>
            <given-names>Jana</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1849638476">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1849638116">*</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="idm1849638548">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line>Trivedi Global, Inc., Henderson, USA</addr-line>
      </aff>
      <aff id="idm1849638476">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line>Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India</addr-line>
      </aff>
      <aff id="idm1849638116">
        <label>*</label>
        <addr-line>corresponding author</addr-line>
      </aff>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>John</surname>
            <given-names>Akighir</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="idm1849471564">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="idm1849471564">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line>Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, UAM, Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology, and Biochemistry Master of Science.</addr-line>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp>
          Snehasis Jana, Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W, ), Maharashtra, India, Tel: +<phone>91-022-25811234</phone>,. Email: <email>publication@trivedisrl.com</email>
        </corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict" id="idm1843071404">
          <p>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2021-04-15">
        <day>15</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>10</fpage>
      <lpage>18</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>13</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="online">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© </copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2021</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder>Dahryn Trivedi, et al.</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="http://openaccesspub.org/jbbs/article/1617">This article is available from http://openaccesspub.org/jbbs/article/1617</self-uri>
      <abstract>
        <p>L-tryptophan is an essential α-amino acid, necessary for the normal growth in newborns, nitrogen balance in adults, protein synthesis, precursor of serotonin, melatonin, niacin, and albeit inefficiently in human, also the precursor of indole alkaloids and auxins in plants. This current study was designed to investigate the impact of the Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>-Biofield Energy Healing Treatment (Blessing) on the structural properties and the isotopic abundance ratio of L-tryptophan using LC-MS analytical technique. L-tryptophan sample was divided into two parts, one part of L-tryptophan was considered as the control sample (no Biofield Energy Treatment was provided), while the second part was treated with the Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment/Blessing remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi and termed as the treated sample. The mass spectra of both the control and treated samples with respect to the chromatographic peak at retention time (R<sub>t</sub>) 2.1 minutes exhibited the mass of the molecular ion peak adduct with hydrogen ion at <italic>m/z</italic> 205.08 (calcd for C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>, 205.1), along with low molecular fragmented mass peaks at <italic>m/z</italic> 188, 159, and 102 for C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sup>2+</sup>, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>11</sub>N<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>, and C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>6</sub><sup>+</sup>, respectively were also observed. The isotopic abundance ratio of P<sub>M+1</sub>/P<sub>M</sub> (<sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H or <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C or <sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>Nor<sup>17</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O) in the treated L-tryptophan was significantly increased by 35.93% compared with the control sample. Hence,the <sup>13</sup>C, <sup>2</sup>H, <sup>15</sup>N, and <sup>17</sup>O contributions from C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> to <italic>m/z</italic> 206.08 in the treated L-tryptophan was significantly increased compared to the control sample. It could be hypothesized that the changes in the isotopic abundance and mass peak intensities due to the modification in nuclei possibly through the interference of neutrino particles using the Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment. The Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan with increased stable isotopic abundance ratio might have changed the physicochemical properties with higher force constant in the molecule. The new form of treated L-tryptophan would be a better and more stable in the supplements, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical formulations, which would be advantageous for the prevention and treatment of pellagra, depression, kynurenine. It could also maintain the normal label of tryptophan and avoid increase of its metabolite, lower the neurotoxin and a metabotoxin behavior, glutaric aciduria type I (glutaric acidemia type I) disorder, eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS), incurable and sometimes fatal flu-like neurological condition, etc. As tryptophan is the precursor for the plant hormones like indole alkaloids and auxins, hence, this treated               L-tryptophan would be advantageous for the improvement of yield, productivity, and quality of crops and other plants.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>L-tryptophan</kwd>
        <kwd>The Trivedi Effect®</kwd>
        <kwd>Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment</kwd>
        <kwd>LC-MS.</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="3"/>
        <table-count count="1"/>
        <page-count count="9"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="idm1849461060" sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>L-tryptophan [C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>] is an essential             α-amino acid, which must be obtained from the diet and supplements. It is necessary for normal growth in         new-borns, nitrogen balance in adults, protein synthesis, a precursor of serotonin, melatonin, niacin, and albeit inefficiently in human. It is also the precursor of indole alkaloids and auxins in plants <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842837268">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842834964">2</xref>. It is converted to     5-hydroxy-tryptophan (5-HTP), which increase the production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter essential in regulating sleep, appetite, mood, temperature, sexual behaviour, and pain<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842837268">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842902348">3</xref>. Sources for tryptophan are red meat, eggs, fish, poultry, brown rice, soybeans, chocolate, oats, dried dates, milk, yogurt, cottage cheese, sesame, chickpeas, almonds, sunflower         seeds, pumpkin seeds, buckwheat, spirulina, peanuts, etc. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842837268">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842834964">2</xref>. The daily requirement of tryptophan for adults is 3 mg/kg/day. The tryptophan and protein requirement decreases with age. Improper diet, high maize or other tryptophan-deficient diets, fructose malabsorption, Hartnup's disease, <italic>etc.</italic> are the cause for reduced levels of tryptophan in the blood. Tryptophan deficient can be the cause of pellagra; the other deficiency diseases are depression and kynurenine. Under certain situations if the label of tryptophan and its metabolite increase, it can behave like a neurotoxin and a metabotoxin, glutaric aciduria type I (glutaric acidemia type I) disorder, eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS), create an incurable and sometimes fatal flu-like neurological condition, etc. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842837268">1</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842834964">2</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842914300">5</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842702692">6</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842697220">7</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842681812">8</xref>. L-tryptophan is slightly soluble in water, very slightly soluble in alcohol, practically insoluble in ether and chloroform. On heat to decompose it emits toxic fumes of nitric oxide <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842837268">1</xref>. </p>
      <p>The physicochemical properties of L-tryptophan are very important for the supplements, nutraceutical/ pharmaceutical, and other industries. The quality and efficiency of a pharmaceutical/ nutraceutical formulation depend upon the physicochemical properties of the substance, which is a challenging task for the scientific communities <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842686492">9</xref>. In this scenario, The Trivedi                Effect<sup>®</sup>- Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment have the astonishing capabilities to transform the properties of many living and non-living object(s) <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842683756">10</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842675980">11</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842642724">12</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842640348">13</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842635236">14</xref>. The Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup> is a natural and only scientifically proven phenomenon in which a person can harness this inherently intelligent energy from the Universe and transmit it anywhere on the planet through the              possible mediation of neutrinos <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842629116">15</xref>. Every living organism possesses a unique infinite, para-dimensional               electromagnetic energy field surrounding the body known as Biofield Energy. The Biofield Energy Healers can harness the energy from the “Universal Energy Field” and can transmit into any living or non-living object(s), which is known as the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment. There are several Biofield based Energy Healing Therapies that are used nowadays against various disease conditions <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842644668">16</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842620644">17</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842617548">18</xref>. Biofield Energy Healing therapy has been recognized worldwide as a Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) health care approach by National Center of Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) with other therapies, medicines and practices such as Ayurvedic medicine, traditional Chinese herbs and medicines, homeopathy, yoga, chiropractic/osteopathic manipulation, Qi Gong, Tai Chi, meditation, acupressure, acupuncture, healing touch, hypnotherapy, naturopathy, Reiki, cranial sacral therapy, etc. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842614596">19</xref>. These are the therapies have been well accepted by most of the U.S.A. population                 with several advantages <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842627700">20</xref>. The Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>- Consciousness Energy Healing/Blessing Treatment (Biofield Energy Healing Treatment) also reported with significant results altering the physicochemical          properties of chemicals, metals, ceramics and polymers <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842626404">21</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842599132">22</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842597404">23</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842593372">24</xref>, transformed antimicrobial properties <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842587180">25</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842579692">26</xref>, improved agricultural crop yield, productivity, and quality <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842683756">10</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842675980">11</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842575228">27</xref>, improved skin health <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842569972">28</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842567524">29</xref>, improved the cancer in cancer cell line <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842559436">30</xref>, improved               bioavailability of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compounds <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842554108">31</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842551372">32</xref>, and altered the isotopic abundance ratio <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842546620">33</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842543452">34</xref>.</p>
      <p>Study of the natural stable isotope ratio analysis has many applications in the different field to understand the isotope effects resulting from the alterations of the isotopic composition <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842540140">35</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842536972">36</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842530636">37</xref>. Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC-MS), are the widely used sophisticated analytical techniques for the analysis of isotope ratio with sufficient precision <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842536972">36</xref>. The Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment/Blessing could be an economical approach to obtain a better desirable L-tryptophan with improved physicochemical properties for the supplements, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical formulations. Therefore, this study was designed and evaluated the impact of the Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup> - Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment/Blessing on L-tryptophan using LC-MS for the structural characterization and the isotopic abundance ratio of P<sub>M+1</sub>/P<sub>M</sub> (<sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H or <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C or <sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>N or <sup>17</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O) compared to the control sample.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="idm1849505900" sec-type="materials">
      <title>Materials and Methods </title>
      <sec id="idm1849504532">
        <title>Chemicals and Reagents</title>
        <p>L-tryptophan (&gt; 99%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar, India. All other chemicals used during the experiments were of analytical grade available in India. </p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="idm1849503956">
        <title>Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment Strategies</title>
        <p>The L-tryptophan powder sample was the test sample divided into two parts. One part of the test sample was considered as a control sample (no Biofield Energy Treatment was provided). However, the other part of the test sample was exposed to the Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely under standard laboratory conditions for ~3 minutes and known as the Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup> Treated/Blessed (Biofield Energy Treated) L-tryptophan. The Biofield Energy Treatment/Blessing was provided through the healer’s unique energy transmission process by the renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi, USA, to the test sample. Further, the control sample was treated with “sham” healer for the better comparison. However, the “sham” healer did not have any knowledge about the Biofield Energy Treatment/Blessing. After that, the Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed and untreated                 L-tryptophan samples were kept in sealed conditions and characterized using LC-MS analytical techniques. </p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="idm1849504100">
        <title>Characterization</title>
        <sec id="idm1849505828">
          <title>Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) Analysis and Calculation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio</title>
          <p>The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of the control and Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan was carried out with the help of  LC-MS ThermoFisher Scientific, the USA equipped with an ion trap detector connected with a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer. The column used here was a reversed phase Thermo Scientific Synchronis C18 (Length-250 mm X ID 4.6 mm X 5 micron), maintained at 25˚C. The diluent used for the sample preparation was methanol. The L-tryptophan solution injection volume was 10 µL and the analyte was eluted using acetonitrile (80%) + 0.1% formic acid (20%) pumped at a constant flow rate of 1 mL/min. Chromatographic separation was achieved using gradient condition and the total run time was 10 min. Peaks were monitored at 278 nm using the PDA detector. Mass spectrometric analysis was performed under ESI +ve ion mode. The total ion chromatogram, peak area% and mass spectrum of the individual peak which was appeared in LC along with the full scan (<italic>m/z</italic> 50-400) were recorded. The total ion chromatogram and mass spectrum of the individual peak (appeared in LC-MS) were recorded.</p>
          <p>The natural abundance of each isotope (C, H, N, and O) can be predicted from the comparison of the height of the isotope peak with respect to the base peak. The values of the natural isotopic abundance of the common elements are obtained from the literature <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842561812">38</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842508004">39</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842507068">40</xref>. The LC-MS based isotopic abundance ratio (P<sub>M+1</sub>/P<sub>M</sub>) for the control and Biofield Energy Treated L-tryptophan (C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>) was calculated.</p>
          <p>Percentage (%) change in isotopic abundance ratio = [(IAR<sub>Treated</sub> – IAR<sub>Control</sub>)/ IAR<sub>Control</sub>) x 100]</p>
          <p>Where IAR<sub>Treated</sub> = isotopic abundance ratio in the treated sample and IAR<sub>Control</sub> = isotopic abundance ratio in the control sample.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="idm1849423444" sec-type="results">
      <title>Results and Discussion</title>
      <sec id="idm1849423372">
        <title>Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS)</title>
        <p>The control and Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan showed a single prominent peak at retention time (R<sub>t</sub>) of 2.1 minutes in the LC-SM            chromatograms (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="idm1842147764">Figure 1</xref>). This results indicated that the sample is pure and polarity of both the samples was similar to each other. The mass spectra of both the control and Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed samples of L-tryptophan are presented in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="idm1842145244">Figure 2</xref>. The mass spectra of both the samples at R<sub>t</sub> of 2.1 minutes exhibited the presence of the molecular ion of                    L-tryptophan adduct with hydrogen ion at <italic>m/z</italic> 205.08 (calcd for C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>, 205.1), along with low molecular fragmented mass peaks at <italic>m/z</italic> 188, 159, and 102 for C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sup>2+</sup>, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>11</sub>N<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>, and C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>6</sub><sup>+</sup>, respectively were observed both in the control and Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="idm1842144164">Figure 3</xref>). The        fragmentation pattern of the experimental data was well supported by the published literature data <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842503468">41</xref>. </p>
        <fig id="idm1842147764">
          <label>Figure 1.</label>
          <caption>
            <title> Liquid chromatograms of the control and Biofield Energy Treated L-tryptophan.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="images/image1.jpg" mime-subtype="jpg"/>
        </fig>
        <fig id="idm1842145244">
          <label>Figure 2.</label>
          <caption>
            <title> Mass spectra of the control and Biofield Energy Treated L-tryptophan at Rt 2.1 minutes.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="images/image2.jpg" mime-subtype="jpg"/>
        </fig>
        <fig id="idm1842144164">
          <label>Figure 3.</label>
          <caption>
            <title> Proposed fragmentation pattern of L-tryptophan.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="images/image3.jpg" mime-subtype="jpg"/>
        </fig>
      </sec>
      <sec id="idm1849415452">
        <title>Isotopic Abundance Ratio Analysis</title>
        <p>The control and Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan samples showed the mass of a molecular ion at <italic>m/z</italic> 205.08 (calcd for C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>, 205.1)with 100% relative abundance in the spectra. The theoretical calculation of isotopic peak P<sub>M+1</sub> for the protonated                L-tryptophan presented as below:</p>
        <p>P(<sup>13</sup>C) = [(11 x 1.1%) x 100% (the actual size of the M<sup>+</sup> peak)] / 100% = 12.1%</p>
        <p>P(<sup>2</sup>H) = <sup>(13 x 0.015%) x 100%</sup> / 100%= 0.195%</p>
        <p>P(<sup>15</sup>N) = <sup>(2 x 0.4%) x 100%</sup> / 100% = 0.8%</p>
        <p>P(<sup>17</sup>O) = <sup>(2 x 0.04%) x 100%</sup> / 100% = 0.08%</p>
        <p>P<sub>M+1</sub><italic>i.e. </italic><sup>13</sup>C, <sup>2</sup>H, <sup>15</sup>N, and<sup>17</sup>O contributions from C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> to <italic>m/z</italic> 206.08 = 13.18%</p>
        <p>The calculated isotopic abundance of P<sub>M+1</sub> value 13.18% was near to the experimental values (<xref ref-type="table" rid="idm1842130268">Table 1</xref>). From the above calculation, it has been found that <sup>13</sup>C and<sup>15</sup>N have the major contribution to <italic>m/z</italic> 206.08. </p>
        <table-wrap id="idm1842130268">
          <label>Table 1.</label>
          <caption>
            <title> LC-MS based isotopic abundance analysis results in Biofield Energy Treated L-tryptophan compared to the control sample.</title>
          </caption>
          <table rules="all" frame="box">
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>Parameter</td>
                <td>Control Sample</td>
                <td>Biofield Energy Treated Sample</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>P<sub>M </sub>at <italic>m/z</italic> 205.08 (%)</td>
                <td>100</td>
                <td>100</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>P<sub>M+1</sub> at <italic>m/z</italic> 206.08 (%)</td>
                <td>9.74</td>
                <td>13.24</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>P<sub>M+1</sub>/P<sub>M</sub></td>
                <td>0.0974</td>
                <td>0.1324</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td colspan="2">% Change of isotopic abundance ratio (P<sub>M+1</sub>/P<sub>M</sub>) with respect to the control sample</td>
                <td>35.93</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="idm1849404644">
              <label/>
              <p>P<sub>M</sub>: the relative peak intensity of the parent molecular ion [M<sup>+</sup>]; P<sub>M+1</sub>: the relative peak intensity of the isotopic molecular ion [(M+1)<sup>+</sup>], M: mass of the parent molecule.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>The LC-MS based isotopic abundance ratio analysis P<sub>M</sub> and P<sub>M+1 </sub>for L-tryptophan near <italic>m/z</italic> 205.08 and 206.08, respectively of the control and Biofield Energy Treated samples, which were obtained from the observed relative peak intensities of [M<sup>+</sup>] and [(M+1)<sup>+</sup>] peaks, respectively in the mass spectra (<xref ref-type="table" rid="idm1842130268">Table 1</xref>). The isotopic abundance ratio of P<sub>M+1</sub>/P<sub>M</sub> (<sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H or <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C or <sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>Nor<sup>17</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O) in Consciousness Energy Healing Treated L-tryptophan was significantly increased by 35% compared to the control sample (<xref ref-type="table" rid="idm1842130268">Table 1</xref>). Thus, the <sup>13</sup>C, <sup>2</sup>H, <sup>15</sup>N, and <sup>17</sup>O contributions from C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> to <italic>m/z</italic> 206.08 in the Biofield Energy Treated sample was significantly increased compared to the control sample. </p>
        <p>LC-MS study confirmed the structure of the sample as L-tryptophan. The isotopic abundance ratio of P<sub>M+1</sub>/P<sub>M</sub> (<sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H or <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C or <sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>N or <sup>17</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O) in the Biofield Energy Treated L-tryptophan was         significantly increased compared to the control sample. The Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might have the impact on nuclei of                      L-tryptophan possibly <italic>via </italic>the mediation of neutrino particles would be the solid cause behind the change in the isotopic abundance ratio <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842629116">15</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842546620">33</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842543452">34</xref>. A neutrino is an elementary particle that interacts only <italic>via</italic> the weak subatomic force and gravity. The properties to change identities which are only possible if the neutrinos possess mass and have the ability to interchange their phase from one phase to another internally. Therefore, the neutrinos have the ability to interact with protons and neutrons in the nucleus, which indicated a close relation between neutrino and the isotope                formation <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842536972">36</xref><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ridm1842530636">37</xref>. The altered isotopic composition in molecular level of The Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>-Consciousness Energy Healing Treated L-tryptophan might have altered the neutron to proton ratio in the nucleus. The Biofield Energy Treated L-tryptophan with increased stable isotopic abundance ratio, might have changed the physicochemical properties with higher force constant with the atoms of the L-tryptophan. The Biofield EnergyTreated L-tryptophan with improved physicochemical properties would be more desirable for the supplements, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical formulations, which would be advantageous for the prevention and treatment of pellagra, depression, kynurenine. It could also maintain the normal label of tryptophan and avoid increase of its metabolite, lower the neurotoxin and a metabotoxin behavior, glutaric aciduria type I (glutaric acidemia type I) disorder, eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS), incurable and sometimes fatal flu-like neurological condition, etc. Tryptophan is the precursor for the plant hormones like indole alkaloids and auxins. Therefore, this Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan would be advantageous for the improvement of yield,             productivity, and quality of crops.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="idm1849374244" sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusions</title>
      <p>The Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment/Blessing (Biofield Energy Treatment) showed the substantial impact on the isotopic               abundance ratio of L-tryptophan. The LC-MS spectra of both the control and Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed samples with respect to the chromatographic peak at retention time (R<sub>t</sub>) 2.1 minutes exhibited the mass of the molecular ion peak adduct with hydrogen ion at <italic>m/z</italic> 205.08 (calcd for C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>, 205.1), along with low molecular fragmented mass peaks at <italic>m/z</italic> 188, 159, and 102 for C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sup>2+</sup>, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>11</sub>N<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>, and C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>6</sub><sup>+</sup>, respectively were also observed. The isotopic abundance ratio of P<sub>M+1</sub>/P<sub>M</sub> (<sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H or <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C or <sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>Nor<sup>17</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O) in the Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan was significantly increased by 35.93% compared with the control sample. Hence,the <sup>13</sup>C, <sup>2</sup>H, <sup>15</sup>N, and <sup>17</sup>O contributions from C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> to <italic>m/z</italic> 206.08 in the Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan was significantly increased compared to the control sample. It could be hypothesized that the changes in the isotopic abundance and mass peak intensities due to the modification in nuclei possibly through the              interference of neutrino particles using the Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup>-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment. The Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan with increased stable isotopic abundance ratio, might have changed the physicochemical properties with higher force constant in the molecule. The new form of Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan would be a better and more stable in the supplements,              nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical formulations, which would be advantageous for the prevention and             treatment of pellagra, depression, kynurenine. It could also maintain the normal label of tryptophan and avoid increase of its metabolite, lower the neurotoxin and a metabotoxin behavior, glutaric aciduria type I (glutaric acidemia type I) disorder, eosinophilia-myalgia           syndrome (EMS), incurable and sometimes fatal flu-like neurological condition, etc. As tryptophan is the precursor for the plant hormones like indole alkaloids and auxins, hence, this Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan would be advantageous for the              improvement of yield, productivity, and quality of crops and other plants.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ack>
      <p>The authors are grateful to Sophisticated Instrumentation Centre for Applied Research &amp; Testing (SICART) India, Trivedi Science, Trivedi Global, Inc., and Trivedi Master Wellness for their assistance and support during this work.</p>
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